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RHEL/CentOS/Fedora使用yum update更新时，默认会升级内核。但有些服务器硬件（特别是组装的机器）在升级内核后，新的内核可能会认不出某些硬件，要重新安装驱动，很麻烦。所以在生产环境中不要轻易的升级内核，除非你确定升级内核后不会出现麻烦的问题。

如果不想升级内核而只更新其他软件包，有两种方法：

1、修改yum的配置文件 vim /etc/yum.conf，在[main]的最后添加exclude=kernel*

2、直接在yum的命令后面加上如下的参数：

yum --exclude=kernel* update

在hexonet管理页面中，执行下面的命令：

command = ModifyDomain
domain = yourdomain.lu
delstatus0 = INACTIVE

hexonet人员的回信，比较详细：

1. 下载 Download ImageMagick

#下载页面:

http://www.imagemagick.org/script/binary-releases.php#windows

#直接下载：

http://www.imagemagick.org/download/binaries/ImageMagick-6.6.9-Q16-windows-dll.exe

2. 安装 Install ImageMagick

C:\wamp\bin\ImageMagick-6.6.9-Q16

3. 测试 Testing the Installation
如果不加入环境变量的话，可以先下面方式测试：
Open the command prompt (Run->”CMD”->ENTER) and type in convert and press enter. You should see the help parameters of convert

cd C:\wamp\bin\ImageMagick-6.6.9-Q16 # 回车
C:\wamp\bin\ImageMagick-6.6.9-Q16>convert
Version: ImageMagick 6.6.9-7 2011-04-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features: OpenMP

Usage: Magick [options ...] file [ [options ...] file …] [options ...] file

Image Settings:
-adjoin join images into a single multi-image file
-affine matrix affine transform matrix
-alpha option activate, deactivate, reset, or set the alpha channel
-antialias remove pixel-aliasing
-authenticate password
decipher image with this password
-attenuate value lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image
-background color background color
-bias value add bias when convolving an image
-black-point-compensation
use black point compensation
-blue-primary point chromaticity blue primary point
-bordercolor color border color
-caption string assign a caption to an image
…….
……
……

加入环境变量，方便以后使用（我的是WIndows7 系统）：
我的电脑-》右键属性-》高级系统设置-》高级-》环境变量-》系统变量-》
-》找到Path, 点击编辑加入：

C:\wamp\bin\ImageMagick-6.6.9-Q16;

加入完成之后，可以直接在命令行（CMD）使用convert了。

4. 下载DLL Downloading the php_Imagick.dll

Again the version problem, well if you are using PHP 5.2.x this is where you will get your dll.

我使用的是 （php5.2.9-2）：php_imagick_dyn-Q16.dll

dyn = dynamic, st = static, q16 = 16 bit, q8= 8 bit. This should match your downloaded version of course. If you downloaded q16 dynamic library, your file will be php_imagick_dyn-Q16.dll

If you are using PHP 5.3.x, this is your location to download.

5. Edit PHP.ini
下载的php_imagick_dyn-Q16.dll保存到

C:\wamp\bin\php\php5.2.9-2\ext\

然后编辑 PHP.ini
找到dll这里，加入下面的最后一行：

;extension=php_sybase_ct.dll
;extension=php_tidy.dll
;extension=php_xmlrpc.dll
;extension=php_xsl.dll
;extension=php_zip.dll
extension=php_imagick.dll

6. 重启Wamp
7. 通过查看phpinfo();
如果有imagick项应该成功了

8. 小测试

$im = new imagick( ‘a.jpg’ );
// resize by 200 width and keep the ratio
$im->thumbnailImage( 200, 0);
// write to disk
$im->writeImage( ‘a_thumbnail.jpg’ );

好了，完成了。
参考：

http://blog.hexu.org/archives/713.shtml

http://www.elxsy.com/2009/07/installing-imagemagick-on-windows-and-using-with-php-imagick/

<?php
$dir = './img/';       // 源图片目录
$i = 1;         // 开始的导入用户uid
$size = 'big';        // 生成的图片大小 设置大小 (small,middle,big)

$files1 = scandir($dir);
foreach($files1 as $value) {
if($value!='.' && $value!='..' && $value!='Thumbs.db') {
   $newdir = get_avatar($i,$size);
   copyimage($dir.$value,$newdir,$size);
   $i++;
}
}
//echo $i;

function get_avatar($uid, $size = 'middle', $type = '') {
$size = in_array($size, array('big', 'middle', 'small')) ? $size : 'middle';
$uid = abs(intval($uid));
$uid = sprintf("%09d", $uid);
$dir1 = substr($uid, 0, 3);
$dir2 = substr($uid, 3, 2);
$dir3 = substr($uid, 5, 2);
$typeadd = $type == 'real' ? '_real' : '';
if(!is_dir($dir1)) {
   mkdir($dir1);
}
if(!is_dir($dir1.'/'.$dir2)) {
   mkdir($dir1.'/'.$dir2);
}
if(!is_dir($dir1.'/'.$dir2.'/'.$dir3)) {
   mkdir($dir1.'/'.$dir2.'/'.$dir3);
}
return $dir1.'/'.$dir2.'/'.$dir3.'/'.substr($uid, -2).$typeadd."_avatar_$size.jpg";
}

function copyimage($upfile,$newfile,$size = 'middle') {
if($size == 'middle'){$px = 160;}
if($size == 'small'){$px = 48;}
if($size == 'big'){$px = 200;}

$image_path=$upfile;
$image_info=getimagesize($image_path);
if($image_info[2]==2) {
   $image2=imagecreatefromjpeg($image_path);
}
$image2_x=imagesx($image2);
$image2_y=imagesy($image2);

if($image2_x > $px) {
   $x = $px;
   $y = intval($px*$image2_y/$image2_x);
} else {
   $y = $image2_y;
   $x = $image2_x;
}
$image1=imagecreatetruecolor($x,$y);
//imagecopyresized($image1,$image2,0,0,0,0,$x,$y,$image2_x,$image2_y);
imagecopyresampled($image1,$image2,0,0,0,0,$x,$y,$image2_x,$image2_y);
$Img = imagejpeg($image1,$newfile,90);
}
?>

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0"/>

width – viewport的宽度 height – viewport的高度
initial-scale – 初始的缩放比例
minimum-scale – 允许用户缩放到的最小比例
maximum-scale – 允许用户缩放到的最大比例
user-scalable – 用户是否可以手动缩放

<style type="text/css">
body {
     background-color: #0066FF;
}
#div1
{
     position:absolute;
/*---这里定义层不随表格透明而透明
这样就可以使表格透明的时候表格里的
内容和图片不跟着透明了---*/
}
table
{
background-color:#FFFFFF;
filter:alpha(opacity=50,Style=0);
   /*---定义透明度,和淡化的风格
   opacity为透明度，值越大透明度越小
   style是透明淡化的风格
   0 普通透明
   1 从左到右渐变淡化
   2 圆形像两边淡化
   3 星状渐变淡化
   默认不设置style参数为0
   这个效果同样可以用再图片上
   ---*/
width:300;
height:300;
   /*---这里一定要定义宽度和高度---*/
}
</style>
<body>
<table bgcolor="#0000FF" style="display:" id="tab1">
   <tr>
     <td><div id="div1">
       <p>DIV层里的内容</p>
       <p><img src="" width="174" height="59" /></p>
     </div></td>
   </tr>
</table>
</body>

Configure：
项目安装：
比如用源码包安装gaim 的

./configure --prefix=/opt/gaim
make
make install

如果安装mlterm

./configure --prefix=/opt/mlterm
make
make install

把源码包安装的软件，都指定安装在 /opt目录中 继续阅读…

“vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf”     and set “enable=0″

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS-Base-163.repo
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/CentOS-Base-sohu.repo
yum makecache
yum update

// 下载软件
# wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/packages/nginx-0.8.53.tar.gz -P /usr/local/src
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar zxvf nginx-0.8.53.tar.gz
# cd nginx-0.8.53
# ./configure --user=daemon --group=daemon --prefix=/usr/local/nginx/ --with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-md5=/usr/lib --with-sha1=/usr/lib --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module

// 先make不要make install
# make -j8

// 备份一下nginx
# mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old

// 在把新objs下的nginx cp到sbin下
# cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

// 测试一下
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 

// 升级
# make upgrade

// 查看是否升级成功
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

// 升级完成

#!/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
# Check if user is root
if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then
     echo "Error: You must be root to run this script!"
     exit 1
fi
clear
nv=`/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v 2>&1`
old_nginx_version=`echo $nv | cut -c22-`
#echo $old_nginx_version
if [ "$1" != "--help" ]; then
#set nginx version
         nginx_version=""
         echo "Current Nginx Version:$old_nginx_version"
         echo "Please input nginx version you want:"
         echo "You can get version number from [url=http://nginx.org/en/download.html]http://nginx.org/en/download.html[/url]"
         read -p "(example: 0.9.5 ):" nginx_version
         if [ "$nginx_version" = "" ]; then
                 echo "Error: You must input nginx version!!"
                 exit 1
         fi
         echo "==========================="
         echo "You want to upgrade nginx version to $nginx_version"
         echo "==========================="
         get_char()
         {
         SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
         stty -echo
         stty cbreak
         dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
         stty -raw
         stty echo
         stty $SAVEDSTTY
         }
         echo ""
         echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"
         char=`get_char`
echo "============================check files=================================="
if [ -s nginx-$nginx_version.tar.gz ]; then
   echo "nginx-$nginx_version.tar.gz [found]"
   else
   echo "Error: nginx-$nginx_version.tar.gz not found!!!download now......"
   wget -c [url=http://nginx.org/download/nginx-]http://nginx.org/download/nginx-[/url]$nginx_version.tar.gz
fi
echo "============================check files=================================="

tar zxvf nginx-$nginx_version.tar.gz
cd nginx-$nginx_version/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-ipv6
make
mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old
cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
make upgrade
echo "Upgrade completed!"
echo "Program will display Nginx Version......"
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
cd ../
fi

保存以上代码为update.sh，到linux下面执行就能升级nginx了。